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general description the max5408?ax5411 dual, logarithmic taper digital potentiometers, with 32-tap points each, replace mechanical potentiometers in audio applications requir- ing digitally controlled resistors. the max5408/ max5410 are dual potentiometers with one wiper per potentiometer. the max5409/max5411 are dual poten- tiometers with two wipers per potentiometer (see functional diagram ). an spi-compatible serial inter- face controls the wiper positions. the max5408 max5411 have a factory-set resistance of 10k ? per potentiometer. a zero-crossing detect feature mini- mizes the audible noise generated by wiper transitions. the max5408?ax5411 have nominal temperature coefficients of 35ppm/? end-to-end and 5ppm/? ratiometric. the max5408?ax5411 are available in 16-pin qsop and 16-pin thin qfn packages and are specified over the extended temperature range (-40? to +85?). applications stereo volume control fading and balancing stereo signals mechanical potentiometer replacement features ? log taper with 2db steps between taps ? 32-tap positions for each wiper ? small 16-pin qsop/qfn packages ? single-supply voltage operation +2.7v to +3.6v (max5408/max5409) +4.5v to +5.5v (max5410/max5411) ? low 0.5? standby supply current ? zero-crossing detection for clickless switching ? mute function to -90db ? 10k ? fixed resistance value ? 3-wire spi-compatible serial data interface ? power-on reset: wiper goes to maximum attenuation ? digital output for readback and daisy-chaining capabilities max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 pin configurations ordering information 19-2049; rev 3; 1/05 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. part temp range pin- package wipers per resistor max5408 eee -40 c to +85 c 16 qsop 1 max5408ete -40 c to +85 c 16 thin qfn 1 max5409 eee -40 c to +85 c 16 qsop 2 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 dout v dd v logic gnd agnd h1 l1 w1a n.c. (w1b) top view max5408- max5411 qsop din sclk l0 cs h0 w0a n.c. (w0b) 16 15 14 13 din dout v dd v logic 5 6 78 w0a n.c. (w0b) n.c. (w1b) w1a 9 10 11 12 l1 ( ) are for max5409/max5411 only h1 agnd gnd 4 3 2 1 l0 h0 cs sclk max5408- max5411 thin qfn (4mm x 4mm) (5mm x 6mm) ordering information continued at end of data sheet. functional diagram appears at end of data sheet. spi is a trademark of motorola, inc.
v dd , v logic , cs , sclk, din to gnd ......................-0.3v to +6v h_, l_, and w_ to gnd ..............................-0.3v to (v dd + 0.3v) dout to gnd.............................................-0.3v to (v dd + 0.3v) agnd to gnd .......................................................-0.3v to +0.3v input and output latchup immunity...............................?00ma maximum continuous current into h_, l_, and w_.........?00? continuous power dissipation (t a = +70?) 16-pin qsop (derate 8.3mw/? above +70?)........666.7mw 16-pin qfn (derate 18.5mw/? above +70?) .........1481mw operating temperature range ...........................-40? to +85? storage temperature range .............................-60? to +150? maximum junction temperature .....................................+150? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300? max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics (v dd = +2.7v to +3.6v (max5408/max5409), v dd = +4.5v to +5.5v (max5410/max5411), v h_ = v dd , v l_ = 0, t a = t min to t max . typical values are at t a = +25?, unless otherwise specified.) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. parameter symbol conditions min typ max units end-to-end resistance 71013k ? maximum bandwidth (note 1) c w_ = 50pf 100 khz absolute tolerance ?.25 db tap-to-tap tolerance ?.1 db total harmonic distortion + noise thd+n v in = 1v rms , f = 1khz, tap = -6db 0.002 % channel isolation -100 db interchannel matching f = 20hz to 20khz, tap = -6db ?.5 db mute attenuation -90 db power-supply rejection ratio psrr -80 db wiper resistance r w 1000 1700 ? wiper capacitance c w 10 pf digital clock feedthrough f sclk = 20hz to 20khz, tap = -6db -90 db end-to-end resistance temperature coefficient 35 ppm/? ratiometric resistance temperature coefficient 5 ppm/? digital inputs (v logic > 4.5v) input high voltage v ih 2.4 v input low voltage v il 0.8 v input leakage current ? ? input capacitance 5pf digital inputs (v logic < 4.5v) input high voltage v ih 0.7 x v logic v input low voltage v il 0. 3 x v l ogic v input leakage current ? ? input capacitance 5pf
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 electrical characteristics (continued) (v dd = +2.7v to +3.6v (max5408/max5409), v dd = +4.5v to +5.5v (max5410/max5411), v h_ = v dd , v l_ = 0, t a = t min to t max . typical values are at t a = +25?, unless otherwise specified.) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units digital output output high voltage v oh i source = 0.5ma v logic - 0.5 v output low voltage v ol i sink = 2ma 0.4 v timing characteristics (figure 1) sclk clock period t cp 100 ns sclk pulse width high t ch 40 ns sclk pulse width low t cl 40 ns cs fall to sclk rise setup time t css 40 ns sclk rise to cs rise hold time t csh 0ns din setup time t ds 40 ns din hold time t dh 0ns sclk fall to dout valid propagation delay t do c load = 200pf 80 ns cs rise to sclk rise hold time t cs1 40 ns cs pulse width high t csw 100 ns wiper settling time t iw zero-crossing detect disabled 1 s power supplies max5408/max5409 2.7 3.6 supply voltage v dd max5410/max5411 4.5 5.5 v active supply current f sclk = 2mhz (note 2) 100 standby supply current i dd (note 3) 0.2 10 ? logic supply voltage v logic 2.7 5.5 v logic active supply current f s c l k = 2m h z, d ou t = fl oati ng ( n ote 2) 120 logic standby supply current i logic dout = floating (note 3) 0.5 10 ? note 1: guaranteed by design, not production tested. note 2: supply current measured while changing wiper position with zero crossing enabled. note 3: supply current measured while wiper position is fixed.
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ t ypical operating characteristics (v dd = +3v (max5408/max5409), v dd = +5v (max5410/max5411), dout = floating) 988 990 989 991 994 995 993 992 996 0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 wiper resistance vs. wiper voltage max5408-11 toc01 wiper voltage (v) wiper resistance ( ? ) tap position 31 v dd = 5v = v logic , l_ = gnd -0.20 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 end-to-end resistance % change vs. temperature max5408-11 toc02 temperature ( c) end-to-end resistance change (%) -70 -60 -40 -50 -20 -10 -30 0 0812 4162 0242832 attenuation vs. tap position max5408-11 toc03 tap position attenuation (db) 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 total supply current vs. temperature max5408-11 toc04 temperature ( c) total supply current ( a) zero-crossing enabled i total = i dd + i logic active mode 4 s/div tap-to-tap switching transient (zero-crossing disable) v w_ 2v/div cs 2v/div max5408-11 toc05 v h _ = 5v v l _ = 0 0 0.10 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.25 0.30 2.5 3.5 4.0 3.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 logic current vs. logic voltage max5408-11 toc06 logic supply voltage (v) logic supply current ( a) standby mode sclk = gnd
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v dd = +3v (max5408/max5409), v dd = +5v (max5410/max5411), dout = floating) 0 15 10 5 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 2.5 3.5 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 logic current vs. logic voltage max5408-11 toc07 logic supply voltage (v) logic supply current ( a) active mode sclk = 2mhz, o to v logic 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 supply current vs. supply voltage max5408-11 toc08 v dd (v) i dd ( a) zero-crossing detection disabled active standby pin description pin m a x5 4 0 8 / m a x5 4 1 0 ( q f n ) m a x5 4 0 8 / m a x5 4 1 0 ( q so p ) m a x5 4 0 9 / m a x5 4 1 1 ( q f n ) m a x5 4 0 9 / m a x5 4 1 1 ( q so p ) name function 13 13 sclk serial clock input 2424 cs chip-select input 35 35 h0 high terminal of resistor 0 46 46 l0 low terminal of resistor 0 57 57 w0a wiper terminal a of resistor 0 68 w0b wiper terminal b of resistor 0 79 w1b wiper terminal b of resistor 1 81 08 10 w1a wiper terminal a of resistor 1 91 19 11 l1 low terminal of resistor 1 10 12 10 12 h1 high terminal of resistor 1 11 13 11 13 agnd analog ground 12 14 12 14 gnd ground 13 15 13 15 v logic digital logic power supply 14 16 14 16 v dd analog power supply 15 1 15 1 dout serial data output 16 2 16 2 din serial data input 6, 7 8, 9 n.c. no connection. not internally connected.
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ detailed description digital serial interface an spi-compatible serial interface controls the max5408?ax5411. the input word to the device is eight bits long, composed of three address bits (a0, a1, and a2), followed by five data bits, with msb first (see tables 1 and 2). the first three address bits set the value of internal registers. the five data bits control the wiper position. for certain commands, some of the five data bits are ?on? cares? but must be sent to the device. the serial data is listed in tables 1 and 2. the control code determines: potentiometer to update or register to set. data for mute register (tables 3 and 4). data for zero-crossing detection register (tables 5 and 6). the data bits control the position of the wiper (table 7). a logic low on the chip-select input ( cs ) enables the device? serial interface. a logic high on cs disables the interface control circuitry. see figure 1 for serial- interface timing description. 8-bit serial word a0 a1 a2 d4?0 function 00 0 5-bit dac data set position of wiper w0a 00 1 5-bit dac data no change 01 0 5-bit dac data set position of wiper w1a 01 1 5-bit dac data no change 10 0 4-bit mute data, d0 = ?on? care data for mute register (see table 3) 10 1 4-bit zero-crossing detection data, d0 = ?on? care data for zero-crossing detection register (see table 5) 11 0 00000 readback contents of wiper register for w0a at dout 11 0 00001 no change 11 0 00010 readback contents of wiper register for w1a at dout 11 0 00011 no change 11 0 00100 readback contents of mute register at dout 11 0 00101 readback contents of zero-crossing detection register at dout 11 1 d4 = 0, d3?0 = ?on? care immediate update then analog power-down when zero crossing is enabled. no effect when zero crossing is disabled. table 1. serial interface programming commands for max5408/max5410 t css t cl t ch t ds t dh t cp t csh t csi t csw t do t iw wiper dout din sclk cs dout din sclk cs figure 1. serial timing diagram
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 8-bit serial word a0 a1 a2 d4?0 function 000 5-bit dac data set position of wiper w0a 001 5-bit dac data set position of wiper w0b 010 5-bit dac data set position of wiper w1a 011 5-bit dac data set position of wiper w1b 100 4-bit mute data, d0 = ?on? care data for mute register (see table 4) 101 4-bit zero-crossing detection data, d0 = ?on? care data for zero-crossing detection register (see table 6) 110 00000 readback contents of wiper register for w0a at dout 110 00001 readback contents of wiper register for w0b at dout 110 00010 readback contents of wiper register for w1a at dout 110 00011 readback contents of wiper register for w1b at dout 110 00100 readback contents of mute register at dout 110 00101 readback contents of zero-crossing detection register at dout 111 d4 = 0, d3?0 = ?on? care analog power-down 111 d4 = 1, d3?0 = ?on? care analog power-up table 2. serial interface programming commands for max5409/max5411 data bit value function 0 set wiper w0a to preprogrammed value (-62db on power-up) d4 1 set wiper w0a to mute (-90db) d3 ?on? care no change 0 set wiper w1a to preprogrammed value (-62db on power-up) d2 1 set wiper w1a to mute (-90db) d1 ?on? care no change d0 ?on? care no change table 3. mute register bit definitions for max5408/max5410 data bit value function 0 set wiper w0a to preprogrammed value (-62db on power-up) d4 1 set wiper w0a to mute (-90db) 0 set wiper w0b to preprogrammed value (-62db on power-up) d3 1 set wiper w0b to mute (-90db) 0 set wiper w1a to preprogrammed value (-62db on power-up) d2 1 set wiper w1a to mute (-90db) 0 set wiper w1b to preprogrammed value (-62db on power-up) d1 1 set wiper w1b to mute (-90db) d0 ?on? care no change table 4. mute register bit definitions for max5409/max5411
max5408?ax5411 the digital output, dout, lags the digital input signal, din by 8.5 clock cycles. force cs high to disable dout, placing dout in three-state mode. force cs low to enable dout and disable three-state mode. force cs high, after a word has been written to the max5408?ax5411 to make a readback request. the next cs low period writes the requested data to dout. a readback request overwrites any previous data in the shift register. note that the data appears at dout in the order: a0, a1, a2, d4, d3, d2, d1, d0. a0 will be available after the first high-to-low transition of sclk when cs is low. the input continues to load the shift register while data is being read out of the max5408 max5411. the input data appears at dout 8.5 clock cycles later. a cs transition from low-to-high latches the input data. for any control byte, the state of sclk must be the same for both cs low-to-high transitions and cs high-to-low transitions in order to preserve the data at dout while cs transitions. for proper opera- tion, ensure that the input data remains valid on both the sclk rising and falling edges when daisy chaining multiple devices. zero-crossing detection the zero-crossing detection register enables the zero- crossing detect feature. the zero-crossing detect fea- ture reduces the audible noise (?licks and pops? that result from wiper transitions. the wiper changes posi- tion only when the voltage at l_ is the same as the volt- age at h_. each wiper has a zero-crossing and timeout dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ data bit value function 0 disable wiper w0a zero-crossing detection circuit d4 1 enable wiper w0a zero-crossing detection circuit d3 ?on? care no change 0 disable wiper w1a zero-crossing detection circuit d2 1 enable wiper w1a zero-crossing detection circuit d1 ?on? care no change d0 ?on? care no change table 5. zero-crossing detection register bit definitions for max5408/max5410 data bit value function 0 disable wiper w0a zero-crossing detection circuit d4 1 enable wiper w0a zero-crossing detection circuit 0 disable wiper w0b zero-crossing detection circuit d3 1 enable wiper w0b zero-crossing detection circuit 0 disable wiper w1a zero-crossing detection circuit d2 1 enable wiper w1a zero-crossing detection circuit 0 disable wiper w1b zero-crossing detection circuit d1 1 enable wiper w1b zero-crossing detection circuit d0 ?on? care no change table 6. zero-crossing detection register bit definitions for max5409/max5411 position output level (db) 00 1-2 2-4 3-6 4-8 . . . . . . . . . . 30 -60 31 -62 mute <-90 table 7. attenuation and wiper position
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 max5409/ max5411 w0b w1b l0 l1 h0 h1 v left v right v left r v left f v right r v right f w0a w1a figure 4. stereo volume control with front and rear fade figure 3. attenuation control max5408 max5411 w0a w1a l0 l1 h0 h1 v in0 v in1 v out0 v out1 figure 2. zero-crossing timing diagram 50ms (typ) t = 0 v h_ v l_ wiper position -20db -10db 100ms changing wiper positions with zero-crossing enabled, command issued at t = 0 50ms (typ) t = 0 v h_ v l_ wiper position -20db -10db 100ms
chip information transistor count: 12,875 process: bicmos max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ max5408 max5411 max5408 max5411 max5408 max541 sdin sclk cs dout sdin sclk cs dout sdin sclk cs dout cs sclk sdin max5408 max5411 w0a w1a l0 l1 h0 h1 v out0 v out1 v in0 v in1 figure 6. gain control figure 5. daisy-chaining of serial interfaces ordering information (continued) part temp range pin- package wipers per resistor max5409ete -40 c to +85 c 16 thin qfn 2 max5410 eee -40 c to +85 c 16 qsop 1 max5410ete -40 c to +85 c 16 thin qfn 1 max5411 eee -40 c to +85 c 16 qsop 2 max5411ete -40 c to +85 c 16 thin qfn 2 circuit (see figure 2). with zero-crossing enabled, the max5408?ax5411 change wiper position after 50ms or when zero crossing is detected. power-on reset the power-on reset (por) feature sets all the wipers to the maximum attenuation (tap position 31, -62db) at power-up. if either v dd or v logic is zero volts, a power- on reset intiates when one of the supplies is brought back to the operating voltage. mute function when mute is enabled, the wipers go to -90db attenua- tion. when mute is disabled, the wiper returns to its position before mute was enabled. all wipers can be muted simultaneously or independently. applications information attenuation control figure 3 shows the application of an attenuation control. the op amps are connected in a follower configuration with a fixed gain. the digitally controlled potentiometer attenuates the input signal. stereo volume control figure 4 shows the application of stereo volume con- trol using max5409/max5411. the op amps are con- nected in a follower configuration with fixed gain. the digitally controlled potentiometer attenuates the input signals. the second wiper of each potentiometer con- trols the signal amplitude at the rear set of speakers. daisy-chaining figure 5 shows an application daisy-chaining the serial-interfaces of the max5408?ax5411. a single- write command updates multiple devices from a single digital port in this configuration (see digital serial interface section). gain control figure 6 shows the application of a gain control. note: muting the potentiometer creates unpredictable behavior at the output of the op amp, and may seriously degrade the performance of the op amp.
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 max5408 max5411 32 position decoder/ register audio zero- crossing detector spi logic v logic v dd gnd agnd l0 sclk din cs l1 w0a n.c. (w1b) h0 n.c. (w0b) dout w1a h1 ( ) are for max5409/max5411 only functional diagram
max5408?ax5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers 12 _______________________________________________________________________________________ package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) 24l qfn thin.eps c 1 2 21-0139 package outline 12, 16, 20, 24l thin qfn, 4x4x0.8mm c 2 2 21-0139 package outline 12, 16, 20, 24l thin qfn, 4x4x0.8mm
max5408-max5411 dual, audio, log taper digital potentiometers maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 13 2005 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. qsop.eps e 1 1 21-0055 package outline, qsop .150", .025" lead pitch package information (continued) (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .)

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